Paramparik Bharatiya Gyan Evam Jaivik Sansadhanon Ke Sanrakshan Mein IPR Ki Bhumika

Abstract

Bharat Vishva ke un deshon mein shamil hai jahan Jaiv Vividhata ke saath-saath Paramparik Gyan ki atyant samriddh parampara vidyamaan hai. Ayurveda, Siddha, Yunani, Yog, Lok Chikitsa, Krishi Paddhatiyon, Beej Sanrakshan, Vanaspatiyon ke Aushadhiya Upyog, Hastashilp tatha Sthaniya Samudayon dwara vikasit anek paramparik vidhiyan Bharatiya Gyan Parampara ki mahatvapurn dharohar hain. Yah gyan keval pustakon tak seemit nahin hai, balki anek Janjatiya evam Sthaniya Samudayon mein peedhi-dar-peedhi maukhik evam vyavaharik roop se hastantarit hota raha hai. Isi prakar Bharat ke Van, Aushadhiya Paudhe, Krishi Jaiv Vividhata, Sukshmajeev, Pashu-Pakshi tatha anya Jaivik Sansadhan desh ki aarthik, samajik evam paryavarniya sampada hain. Vaishvikaran, Jaiv Praudyogiki aur Aadhunik Anusandhan ke vistar ke saath Paramparik Gyan evam Jaivik Sansadhanon ke vyavsayik upyog ki sambhavnayein badhi hain. Iske saath hi Jaiv-Apaharan (Biopiracy), Anuchit Patent Daavon, Paramparik Gyan ke Anaadhikrit Vyavsayik Upyog tatha Sthaniya Samudayon ko Uchit Labh na milne jaisi chunautiyan bhi saamne aayi hain. Aisi paristhitiyon mein Bauddhik Sampada Adhikar (Intellectual Property Rights – IPR) Paramparik Gyan evam Jaivik Sansadhanon ke Sanrakshan, Dastavezikaran, Pehchan aur Aarthik Moolyavardhan mein mahatvapurn bhoomika nibha sakte hain. Bharat ne is disha mein Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL), Jaiv Vividhata Kanoon, Patent Kanoon, Bhaugolik Sanketak (GI), Paudh Kism evam Krishak Adhikar Sanrakshan tatha anya Sansthagat Vyavasthaon ke madhyam se mahatvapurn kadam uthaye hain. TKDL Bharatiya Paramparik Chikitsa se sambandhit prakashit gyan ko vyavasthit roop se dastavezikrit karke Patent Parikshakon ke liye Poorv Kala (Prior Art) ke roop mein uplabdh karane ka mahatvapurn madhyam hai. Vartaman TKDL Srot-Soochna ke anusar, ismein Ayurveda, Yunani, Siddha, Yog aur Sowa-Rigpa se sambandhit 281 pramukh granthon se 4.24 lakh se adhik Formulations darj hain. Yah Shodh Patra Dvitiya Sroton ke aadhar par Paramparik Bharatiya Gyan evam Jaivik Sansadhanon ke Sanrakshan mein IPR ki Bhoomika ka Vishleshan karta hai tatha yah spasht karne ka prayas karta hai ki IPR Vyavastha ko Sthaniya Samudayon ke Adhikar, Jaiv Vividhata Sanrakshan aur Labh ke Nyaysangat Vitran ke saath kis prakar joda ja sakta hai.