Basic Science in Indian Knowledge System (IKS)

Abstract

The Indian Knowledge System (IKS) encompasses millennia of indigenous learning in medicine, astronomy, mathematics, agriculture, ecology, metallurgy and more. The Indian knowledge systems evolved out of experience, observation, experimentation and rigorous analysis and influenced areas from education and health to agriculture. The IKS claims rich heritage of ancient and eternal Indian knowledge and thought, guiding light, referring to Indian knowledge tradition of science technology and medicine. The IKS identify ancient educational institutes like Takshashila, Nalanda, Vallabhi and Vikramshila universities. These universities established in Vedic era in India, it represents multidisciplinary teaching and quality research. The concept of molecule in its microscopic form is conceptual parallel to atomic theory which described by Maharishi Kanada. The concept of earth’s rotation described by Aryabhata it seen in modern astronomy. The Sushruta surgery procedure is parallel to modern surgical techniques. The Charak Ayurveda and disease classification has seen in modern pharmacology. The Patanjali yoga and mental control neuroscience or psychology has parallel to modern psychology and neuroscience. The Varahamihira astronomy and planetary calculations of cosmic bodies are parallel to the principles of modern astrophysics. The concept of gravity interpretation of Bhaskaracharya mention matter of being pulled towards centre is similar to modern concept of gravity. The structure of Panini grammar, linguistics is seen in modern linguistics. The Katyayana describe mathematical logic procedure are parallel to modern mathematical logic. The metallurgy chemistry of Nagarjuna has parallel to principle of modern chemistry. The proof of geometry formula Baudhayan and geometrical concept of Shulba Sutras are parallel to modern geometry. The biology signs and ecological interpretation of Kashyap show interrelationship in environment and organism it is similar to modern biology and ecology. The sutras of ancient sages show conceptual similarities with modern science, reflecting the evolution of knowledge and the continuous journey of human curiosity. These types many Indian philosophers contribute for Indian knowledge system.